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摘要

背景与摘要： 本文为 Cory Doctorow 于 2026 年 7 月 10 日在《Pluralistic》上发表的文章。作者深入剖析了驱动 AI 泡沫的意识形态，指出所谓“机器人的权利”并非共情心的进步扩展，而是掩盖将人类劳工转化为无权“奴隶”的营销噱头。文章探讨了资本对完全自动化的病态渴望，并附上了近期的复古科技链接、过往观点回顾，以及作者即将举行的各类图书签售和演讲活动安排。

Summary

In this July 10, 2026 edition of Pluralistic, Cory Doctorow dissects the ideology driving the artificial intelligence bubble, framing "rights for robots" not as a progressive expansion of empathy, but as an insidious marketing tool for an AI slavery fantasy. Doctorow argues that the push for automation is ultimately a boss's dream of a world without human pushback, dignity, or labor rights—replaced instead by pliable chatbots or invisible, hyper-exploited human workers. The essay also covers tech links, historical retrospectives, and updates on Doctorow's upcoming appearances, media appearances, and book releases.

“机器人的权利”与 AI 奴役幻想

虽然 AI 泡沫主要是一种物质层面的现象——源于这样一种算计：老板们很容易被承诺用软件取代工人的推销术所忽悠——但它也带有一种不可回避的意识形态成分：即对一个没有人类存在的世界的渴望。

"Rights for robots" and the AI slavery fantasy

While the AI bubble is primarily a material phenomenon—driven by the calculation that bosses are easy marks for a sales pitch promising to replace workers with software—there is an inescapable ideological component to it: the desire for a world without people in it.

AI 许诺了一个没有冲突的世界，在这里，不再有那些自认为大权在握的老板与那些真正知道事情如何运作、并坚持认为管理层的想法危险、非法或不可行的工人之间令人自尊心受挫的对抗。一个没有人的世界可能会很孤独，但确实很方便。投资数十亿美元实现仓库自动化，却必须因为人类“组件”需要停下来上厕所而停止机器运转，这该是多么令人抓狂。

AI dangles the possibility of a world free from ego-shattering confrontations between bosses who believe they're in charge and workers who know how things actually work and insist that management's ideas are dangerous, illegal, or unworkable. A world without people might be lonely, but it sure is convenient. How maddening it must be to invest billions in warehouse automation, only to have to halt the machines so human "components" can stop to pee.

有了 AI 之后，你需要上厕所——或者你需要拿工资——就成了你自己的问题，而不再是老板的问题。在同事们“因为 AI 将取代他们的工作”而被解雇后，幸存下来的工人们意识到，如果他们对自己的膀胱或工资条抱怨太多，会有大量绝望的人乐意顶替他们的位置。更好的是，人为因素还可以外包到海外，使老板们能够设定好要求后就不再过问，而完全无需考虑实际的劳动条件。这就是完全自动化的幻象，在这里 AI 就像“变魔术一样”完成了工作。

With AI, the fact that you need to pee—or get paid—becomes your problem rather than your boss's. After colleagues are fired "because AI will do their jobs," surviving workers realize plenty of desperate people will gladly step in if they complain too much about their bladder or their paycheck. Better yet, the human element can be outsourced overseas, allowing bosses to set-and-forget requirements without ever considering actual labor conditions. This is the illusion of full automation, where the AI does the job "like magic."

这“魔术”究竟是什么？是一个被困在算法奥梅拉斯（Omelas）中的人类，被非人的工作节奏和不容辩驳的无情惩罚折磨着。通常情况下，“AI”仅仅代表着“缺席的印度人（Absent Indians）”：即假装成自动化机器人的低薪呼叫中心员工。

The "magic"? A human being trapped in an algorithmic Omelas, tormented by an inhuman pace and pitiless punishments without appeal. Often, "AI" simply stands for "Absent Indians": low-waged call-center workers pretending to be automated bots.

机器的道德性

机器和人之间最大的区别在于道德考量。一个人理应且有权为其福祉、感受和生理需求获得道德上的考量。而机器得不到这一切：你可以对它咒骂、踢打，无需加上“请”或“谢谢”就可以对它大吼下达命令。

The Morality of the Machine

The biggest difference between a machine and a person is moral consideration. A person deserves and demands moral consideration for their wellbeing, feelings, and biological needs. A machine gets none of this: you can curse at it, kick it, and bark orders without a "please" or "thank you."

世上只有一种人会受到你这样的对待：奴隶。

There is only one kind of person you get to treat like this: a slave.

奴隶制是一种甚至不假装提供任何道德考量的劳动形式。AI 是一种关于没有人类的世界的幻想……除了奴隶之外。它设想用顺从的聊天机器人取代熟练的技术工人，用远程监督的“自动驾驶出租车”取代压力巨大的出租车司机，而这些司机的个人挣扎则可以被永远忽视。

Slavery is labor without even the pretense of moral consideration. AI is the fantasy of a world without people... except for slaves. It envisions skilled workers replaced with pliable chatbots, and stressed-out cab drivers replaced by remote-overseen "robo-taxis" whose drivers' personal struggles can be permanently ignored.

“机器人权利”的陷阱

“AI 安全”运动作为一个关键的炒作机制，通过将 AI 塑造成一种生存风险，从而转移了人们对其糟糕的经济效益和不达标产出的注意力。那种认为在海量文本上训练一个猜词程序就会意外地孕育出一个最大化回形针产量的“超级智能”的观念是荒谬的——这类似于相信繁殖更快的马最终会生出一台火车头。然而，将 AI 框定为一种未知风险（X-risk）却使其显得如神明般强大且极具价值。

The Trap of "Robot Rights"

The "AI safety" movement acts as a key hype mechanism, shifting focus away from AI's poor economics and substandard output by framing it as an existential risk. The notion that training a word-guessing program on too many texts will accidentally spawn a paperclip-maximizing "superintelligence" is absurd—akin to believing faster-bred horses will eventually foal a locomotive. Yet, framing AI as an X-risk makes it look godlike and immensely valuable.

一旦超级智能的神话深入人心，它就会顺带引发其他的思想实验——包括“机器人的权利”。虽然将权利扩展到自然事物（如动物或水源）能够通过教导我们更好地善待彼此而造福人类的繁荣，但将人格权扩展到人造结构在历史上却是一场灾难。企业人格权释放出了不朽的群落生物（“有限责任公司”），它们将人类视为可以随意丢弃的肠道菌群。

Once the superintelligence myth takes hold, it pulls other thought experiments in its wake—including "rights for robots." While extending rights to natural things (like animals or watersheds) benefits human thriving by teaching us to treat each other better, extending personhood to artificial constructs has historically been a catastrophe. Corporate personhood unleashed immortal colony organisms ("limited liability corporations") that treat humans as disposable gut flora.

将人格权扩展到 AI 沿用了企业模式：一旦你开始争论聊天机器人是否拥有权利，你就把它们提升到了人格的高度。因为它们在设计之初就注定不会获得任何道德考量，所以它们在法律上被编纂为了奴隶。归根结底，“机器人的权利”话语验证了 AI 推销员的核心说辞：科技界已经成功发明了一个顺从且毫无权利的全新奴隶阶层。

Extending personhood to AI follows the corporate model: as soon as you debate whether chatbots have rights, you elevate them to personhood. Because they are designed to receive zero moral consideration, they are codified as slaves. Ultimately, the "rights for robots" discourse validates the AI salesman's core pitch: that the tech world has successfully invented a brand-new class of uncomplaining, rightless slaves.

嘿，看看这个

Hey, Look at This

客体永久性（复古链接）

Object Permanence (Retro Links)

即将出席的活动

  • 伦敦： Idler 音乐节 (7 月 11 日) – 网站
  • 爱丁堡： 国际图书节，与 Jimmy Wales 同台 (8 月 17 日) – 网站
  • 悉尼： 危险思想节 (8 月 23–24 日) – 网站
  • 墨尔本： Wheeler 中心 (8 月 25 日) – 网站
  • 布莱顿： Brighton Dome，与 Carole Cadwalladr 同台 (9 月 8 日) – 网站
  • 伦敦： Foyle's Piccadilly，与 Riley Quinn 同台 (9 月 9 日) – 网站
  • 南本德： 圣母大学 (10 月 6 日) – 网站

Upcoming Appearances

  • London: Idler Festival (Jul 11) – Website
  • Edinburgh: International Book Festival with Jimmy Wales (Aug 17) – Website
  • Sydney: Festival of Dangerous Ideas (Aug 23–24) – Website
  • Melbourne: Wheeler Centre (Aug 25) – Website
  • Brighton: Brighton Dome with Carole Cadwalladr (Sep 8) – Website
  • London: Foyle's Piccadilly with Riley Quinn (Sep 9) – Website
  • South Bend: Notre Dame (Oct 6) – Website

近期露面

  • 你买了它，它们却弄坏它 (You Bought it, They Break It) 播客 What Now? Trevor Noah 主持 – 收听
  • AI 能从资本主义手中得救吗？(Can AI be Saved From Capitalism?) 播客 Everyday Anarchism – 收听
  • Lawfare Daily – 观看
  • 如何思考 AI (How to Think About AI) 播客 Organized Money – 阅读/收听
  • Breaking Points – 观看

Recent Appearances

  • You Bought it, They Break It on What Now? with Trevor Noah – Listen
  • Can AI be Saved From Capitalism? on Everyday Anarchism – Listen
  • Lawfare Daily – Watch
  • How to Think About AI on Organized Money – Read/Listen
  • Breaking Points – Watch

最新著作

  • The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI (Farrar, Straus and Giroux，2026 年 6 月) – Macmillan
  • Canny Valley (自出版，2025 年 9 月) – Pluralistic
  • Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It (Farrar, Straus, Giroux，2025 年 10 月) – Macmillan
  • Picks and Shovels (Tor Books/Head of Zeus，2025 年 2 月) – Macmillan
  • The Bezzle (Tor Books/Head of Zeus，2024 年 2 月) – 网站
  • The Lost Cause (Tor Books/Head of Zeus，2023 年 11 月) – 网站
  • The Internet Con (Verso，2023 年 9 月) – 网站
  • Red Team Blues (Tor Books) – 网站
  • Chokepoint Capitalism 与 Rebecca Giblin 合著 (Beacon Press/Scribe，2022) – 网站

Latest Books

  • The Reverse-Centaur's Guide to AI (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, June 2026) – Macmillan
  • Canny Valley (Self-published, September 2025) – Pluralistic
  • Enshittification: Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It (Farrar, Straus, Giroux, October 2025) – Macmillan
  • Picks and Shovels (Tor Books/Head of Zeus, February 2025) – Macmillan
  • The Bezzle (Tor Books/Head of Zeus, February 2024) – Website
  • The Lost Cause (Tor Books/Head of Zeus, November 2023) – Website
  • The Internet Con (Verso, September 2023) – Website
  • Red Team Blues (Tor Books) – Website
  • Chokepoint Capitalism with Rebecca Giblin (Beacon Press/Scribe, 2022) – Website

即将出版的著作

  • The Post-American Internet (Farrar, Straus and Giroux，2027)
  • Unauthorized Bread (图像小说改编版，FirstSecond，2027 年 4 月)
  • Enshittification (图像小说版，FirstSecond，2027)
  • The Memex Method (Farrar, Straus, Giroux，2027)

Upcoming Books

  • The Post-American Internet (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2027)
  • Unauthorized Bread (Graphic novel adaptation, FirstSecond, April 2027)
  • Enshittification (Graphic novel edition, FirstSecond, 2027)
  • The Memex Method (Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2027)

版权页

Colophon

  • Currently Writing: The Post-American Internet (Fourth draft completed, submitted to editor). Also planning a Little Brother short story about DIY insulin.
  • License: This work (excluding serialized fiction) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
  • ISSN: 3066-764X